SQL SPACE函数
该SQL的字符串函数在两个字符或一组字符串之间添加指定数量的空格。
SPACE字符串函数的语法
语法1: 该语法使用SQL表的列名结合SPACE函数使用:
SELECT Column_Name1 + SPACE(Number) + Column_Name2 AS Alias_Name FROM Table_Name As Alias_Name ;
在语法中,我们必须指定想要使用SPACE函数的那些列的名称。
语法2: 此语法使用SPACE函数与两个或多个字符串:
SELECT String1 + SPACE(Number) + String2 + SPACE(Number) + …… StringN As Alias_Name;
语法3: 此语法使用SPACE函数和两个或多个单个字符:
SELECT Character1 + SPACE(Number) + Character2 + SPACE(Number) + …… CharacterN As Alias_Name ;
语法4: 我们还可以使用给定的语法来指定空格:
SELECT SPACE(Number) As Alias_Name;
空格字符串函数示例
示例1: 以下SELECT查询显示结果中的15个空格:
SELECT SPACE(15) AS 15_Space;
输出:
15_Spaces |
---|
' ' |
示例2: 以下SELECT查询在JavaTpoint单词后添加了10个空格:
SELECT 'JavaTpoint' + SPACE(10) AS 10_Space;
输出:
'JavaTpoint ' |
---|
10 |
示例3: SELECT查询语句在两个单个字符之间添加了20个空格:
SELECT 'S' + SPACE(20) + 'K';
输出:
20_Spaces |
---|
'S K' |
**例4: **
下面的SELECT查询在多个给定字符串之间添加了15个空格:
SELECT 'New' + SPACE(15) + 'Delhi' + SPACE(15) + 'is' + SPACE(15) + 'the' + SPACE(15) + 'Capital' + SPACE(15) + 'of' + SPACE(15) + 'India';
输出:
20_Spaces |
---|
'New' 'Delhi' 'is' 'the' 'Capital' 'of' 'India' |
例子5:本例使用SPACE函数与SQL表格
在这个例子中,我们将创建一个新表格,用于执行带有字符串列的空格函数。
在SQL数据库中创建新表格的语法如下:
CREATE TABLE table_name
(
First_Column_of_SQLtable Data Type (character_size of First Column),
Second_Column_of_SQLtable Data Type (character_size of the Second column ),
Third_Column_of_SQLtable Data Type (character_size of the Third column),
...
Last_Column_of_SQLtable Data Type (character_size of the Last column)
);
以下是创建 Student_Grade 表的CREATE语句:
CREATE TABLE Student_Grade
(
Roll_No INT PRIMARY KEY,
First_Name VARCHAR (100),
Last_Name VARCHAR (100),
First_City Varchar(120),
Second_City Varchar(120),
New_City Varchar(120),
Hindi_Marks INT,
Maths_Marks INT,
Grade Varchar (80)
);
以下是将学生的成绩和分数记录插入到 Student_Grade 表中的 INSERT 查询:
INSERT INTO Student_Grade (Roll_No, First_Name, Last_Name, First_City, Second_City, New_City, Hindi_Marks, Maths_Marks, Grade) VALUES (10, Aman, Sharma, Lucknow Chandigarh, Ghaziabad, 88, 95, A2);
INSERT INTO Student_Grade
(Roll_No, First_Name, Last_Name, First_City, Second_City, New_City, Hindi_Marks, Maths_Marks, Grade)
VALUES ( 02, Vishal, Sharma, Chandigarh, Ghaziabad, Delhi, 95, 82, A1 );
INSERT INTO Student_Grade
(Roll_No, First_Name, Last_Name, First_City, Second_City, New_City, Hindi_Marks, Maths_Marks, Grade)
VALUES (07, Raj, Gupta, Delhi, Ghaziabad, Lucknow, 91, 95, A1);
INSERT INTO Student_Grade
(Roll_No, First_Name, Last_Name, First_City, Second_City, New_City, Hindi_Marks, Maths_Marks, Grade)
VALUES (04, Yash, Singhania, Ghaziabad, Delhi, Lucknow, 85, 82, A2);
INSERT INTO Student_Grade
(Roll_No, First_Name, Last_Name, First_City, Second_City, New_City, Hindi_Marks, Maths_Marks, Grade)
VALUES (11, Vinay, Roy, Delhi, Kanpur, Ghaziabad, 95, 97, A1);
INSERT INTO Student_Grade
(Roll_No, First_Name, Last_Name, First_City, Second_City, New_City, Hindi_Marks, Maths_Marks, Grade)
VALUES (16, Manoj, Gupta, Ghaziabad, Meerut, Chandigarh, 95, 90, B1);
INSERT INTO Student_Grade
(Roll_No, First_Name, Last_Name, First_City, Second_City, New_City, Hindi_Marks, Maths_Marks, Grade)
VALUES (19, Ram, Gupta, Lucknow, Ghaziabad, Chandigarh, 89, 95, A2);
以下SELECT语句显示了上述 Student_Grade 表中插入的记录:
SELECT * FROM Student_Grade;
Roll_No | First_Name | Last_Name | First_City | Second_City | New_City | Hindi_Marks | Maths_Marks | Grade |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10 | Aman | Sharma | Lucknow | Chandigarh | Ghaziabad | 88 | 95 | A2 |
02 | Vishal | Sharma | Chandigarh | Ghaziabad | Ghaziabad | 95 | 82 | A1 |
07 | Raj | Gupta | Delhi | Ghaziabad | Lucknow | 91 | 95 | A1 |
04 | Yash | Singhania | Ghaziabad | Delhi | Lucknow | 85 | 82 | A2 |
11 | Vinay | Roy | Delhi | Kanpur | Ghaziabad | 95 | 97 | A1 |
16 | Manoj | Gupta | Ghaziabad | Meerut | Chandigarh | 95 | 90 | B1 |
19 | Ram | Gupta | Lucknow | Ghaziabad | Chandigarh | 89 | 95 | A2 |
以下SELECT查询使用SPACE函数与上面Student_Grade表中的First_Name和Last_Name列:
SELECT First_Name, Last_Name, First_Name + SPACE(10) + Last_Name AS 10_space FROM Student_Grade;
此SQL语句在每个学生的名字和姓氏之间添加了10个空格。
输出结果:
First_Name | Last_Name | 10_space |
---|---|---|
Aman | Sharma | Aman Sharma |
Vishal | Sharma | Vishal Sharma |
Raj | Gupta | Raj Gupta |
Yash | Singhania | Yash Singhania |
Vinay | Roy | Vinay Roy |
Manoj | Gupta | Manoj Gupta |
Ram | Gupta | Ram Gupta |
以下SELECT查询使用SPACE函数,并且使用上述Student_Grade表中Roll_No大于2的学生的First_Name和Grade列:
SELECT Roll_No, First_Name + SPACE(5) + Grade FROM Student_Grade WHERE Roll_No > 2;
输出:
Roll_No | First_Name + SPACE(5) + Grade |
---|---|
07 | Raj A1 |
04 | Yash A2 |
11 | Vinay A1 |
16 | Manoj B1 |
19 | Ram A2 |