SQL LOWER函数

SQL LOWER函数

这个字符串函数显示结构化查询语言(SQL)中所有小写字符和字符串。它将小写字符或一组小写字符转换为大写字母。

我们也可以将LOWER函数用于SQL表的字符串字段。

LOWER字符串函数的语法

语法1: 这种语法使用LOWER函数与SQL表的列名一起使用:

SELECT LOWER(Column_Name) AS Alias_Name FROM Table_Name;

在语法中,我们需要指定要使用LOWER字符串函数的列名。

语法2: 这个语法使用了LOWER函数和一组大写字符(字符串):

SELECT LOWER(String);

语法2: 这个语法使用LOWER函数与单个大写字母字符:

SELECT LOWER(upper_case_character);

低级字符串函数示例

示例1: 以下SELECT查询将以下字符串的所有字符转换为小写:

SELECT LOWER(JAVATPOINT IS A GOOD WEBSITE);

输出:

javatpoint is a good website   

例子2: 由于LOWER函数无法改变SQL中字符串的符号和整数,因此以下SELECT查询无法改变以下字符串的字符。

SELECT LOWER(@#$12453@#);

输出:

@#$12453@#   

示例3: 以下SELECT查询将大写字母转换为小写字母:

SELECT LOWER(New Delhi IS the Capital OF INDIA);

输出:

new delhi is the capital of india   

示例 4: 以下SELECT查询在输出中显示小写字符“S”:

SELECT LOWER( S );

输出:

s  

示例5:此示例使用LOWER函数与SQL表

在此示例中,我们将创建一个新表,其字符串列将包含大写字符。

创建新SQL表的语法在下方块中提到:

CREATE TABLE table_name
(
First_Column_of_table Data Type (character_size of 1st Column),  
Second_Column_of_table Data Type (character_size of the 2nd column ),  
Third_Column_of_table Data Type (character_size of the 3rd column),  
...  

Last_Column_of_table Data Type (character_size of the Nth column)
);  

以下CREATE语句创建了 Student_Marks 表:

CREATE TABLE Student_Marks
(
Student_ID INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,  
Student_First_Name VARCHAR (100),  
Student_Middle_Name VARCHAR (100),  
Student_Last_Name VARCHAR (100), 
Student_Class INT NOT NULL,
Student_City Varchar(120),
Student_State Varchar (80),
Student_Marks INT 
);

以下是将college Faculties的记录插入到 Student_Marks 表中的INSERT查询语句:

INSERT INTO Student_Marks (Student_ID, Student_First_Name, Student_Middle_Name, Student_Last_Name, Student_Class, Student_City, Student_State, Student_Marks) VALUES (4001, AMAN, ROY, SHARMA, 4, CHANDIGARH, PUNJAB, 88);

INSERT INTO Student_Marks 
(Student_ID, Student_First_Name, Student_Middle_Name, Student_Last_Name, Student_Class, Student_City, Student_State, Student_Marks) 
VALUES ( 4002, VISHAL, GURR, SHARMA, 8, MURTHAL, HARYANA, 95 );

INSERT INTO Student_Marks 
(Student_ID, Student_First_Name, Student_Middle_Name, Student_Last_Name, Student_Class, Student_City, Student_State, Student_Marks) 
VALUES (4007, RAJ, SINGHANIA, GUPTA, 6, GHAZIABAD, UTTAR PRADESH, 91);

INSERT INTO Student_Marks 
(Student_ID, Student_First_Name, Student_Middle_Name Student_Last_Name, Student_Class, Student_City, Student_State, Student_Marks)  
VALUES (4004, YASH, CHOPRA, SINGHANIA, 9, JAIPUR, RAJASTHAN, 85);

INSERT INTO Student_Marks 
(Student_ID, Student_First_Name, Student_Middle_Name, Student_Last_Name, Student_Class, Student_City, Student_State, Student_Marks) 
VALUES (4011, VINAY, SHARMA, ROY, 8, CHANDIGARH, PUNJAB, 94);

INSERT INTO Student_Marks 
(Student_ID, Student_First_Name, Student_Middle_Name, Student_Last_Name, Student_Class, Student_City, Student_State, Student_Marks) 
VALUES (4006, MANOJ, SINGHANIA, GUPTA, 5, GHAZIABAD, UTTAR PRADESH, 83);


INSERT INTO Student_Marks 
(Student_ID, Student_First_Name, Student_Middle_Name, Student_Last_Name, Student_Class, Student_City, Student_State, Student_Marks) 
VALUES (4010, RAM, RAHEEM, GUPTA, 9, LUCKNOW, UTTAR PRADESH, 89);

下面的SELECT语句显示了上述 Student_Marks 表中插入的记录:

SELECT * FROM Student_Marks; 
Student_Id Student_First_Name Student_Middle_Name Student_Last_Name Student_Class Student_City Student_State Student_Marks
4001 AMAN ROY SHARMA 4 CHANDIGARH PUNJAB 88
4002 VISHAL GURR SHARMA 8 MURTHAL HARYANA 95
4007 RAJ SINGHANIA GUPTA 6 GHAZIABAD UTTAR PRADESH 91
4004 YASH CHOPRA SINGHANIA 9 JAIPUR RAJASTHAN 85
4011 VINAY SHARMA ROY 8 CHANDIGARH PUNJAB 94
4006 MANOJ SINGHANIA GUPTA 5 GHAZIABAD UTTAR PRADESH 83
4010 RAM RAHEEM GUPTA 9 LUCKNOW UTTAR PRADESH 89

以下SELECT查询使用LOWER函数与上述Student_Marks表中的Student_Last_Name列:

SELECT Student_Last_Name, LOWER(Student_Last_Name) AS LOWER_LastName FROM Student_Marks;

这个SQL语句将上面表格中每个学生的姓以小写形式转换。

输出:

Student_Last_Name LOWER_LastName
SHARMA sharma
SHARMA sharma
GUPTA gupta
SINGHANIA singhania
ROY roy
GUPTA gupta
GUPTA gupta

以下SELECT查询使用LOWER函数,选择Student_Marks表中Student_Id大于4002的学生的Student_First_Name、Student_City和Student_State列:

SELECT Student_Id, LOWER(Student_First_Name), LOWER(Student_City), LOWER(Student_State) FROM Student_Marks WHERE Student_Id >4002;

输出:

Student_Id LOWER(Student_First_Name) LOWER(Student_City) LOWER(Student_State)
4007 raj ghaziabad uttar pradesh
4004 yash jaipur rajasthan
4011 vinay chandigarh punjab
4006 manoj ghaziabad uttar pradesh
4010 ram lucknow uttar pradesh

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