Android QR码 /条形码扫描器
在开发Android应用程序时,有时需要提供一项扫描QR码或条形码的功能。可以通过多种方式进行程序化扫描QR码:
- 使用基于Web的API解决方案,将QR码或条形码上传到服务器,服务器返回结果。
- 使用访问您的摄像头并扫描QR码或条形码并返回结果的基于Web的应用程序。
- 通过集成Google Play服务的Mobile Vision API。
Android QR码扫描器示例
在此示例中,我们将扫描Web URL和电子邮件地址的QR码,并采取相应措施。在这里,我们将使用 Mobile Vision API 来扫描QR码。Mobile Vision API支持以下条码格式。
- 1D条形码 :EAN-8,UPC-A,EAN-13,EAN-8,UPC-E,Code-93,Code-128,Code-39,Codabar,ITF。
- 2D条形码 :QR码,数据矩阵,AZTEC,PDF-417。
创建一个 activity_main.xml 并添加以下代码。
activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="example.javatpoint.com.qrcodebarcodescanner.MainActivity">
<Button
android:id="@+id/btnScanBarcode"
android:layout_width="300dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:layout_marginBottom="44dp"
android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
android:text="@string/scan_barcode"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.676"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" />
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>
创建一个 activity_scanned_barcode.xml 布局,并添加以下代码。SurfaceView小部件用于相机源。
activity_scanned_barcode.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:padding="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin">
<SurfaceView
android:id="@+id/surfaceView"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_above="@+id/btnAction"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_alignParentStart="true"
android:layout_centerVertical="true" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/txtBarcodeValue"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:layout_marginLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:layout_marginStart="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:text="No Barcode Detected"
android:textColor="@android:color/white"
android:textSize="20sp" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/btnAction"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:text="ADD CONTENT IN THE MAIL" />
</RelativeLayout>
创建一个 activity_email.xml 布局来执行邮件操作。
activity_email.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="example.javatpoint.com.qrcodebarcodescanner.EmailActivity">
<Button
android:id="@+id/btnSendEmail"
android:layout_width="300dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="@+id/inBody"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:layout_marginBottom="64dp"
android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
android:text="@string/send_email"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/txtEmailAddress"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
android:text="Email Address: "
android:textSize="16dp"
android:textStyle="bold"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/inSubject"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/inSubject"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="@+id/txtEmailAddress"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
android:layout_marginTop="88dp"
android:ems="10"
android:hint="Subject"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/inBody"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="@+id/inSubject"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
android:layout_marginTop="164dp"
android:ems="10"
android:hint="Body"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="1.0"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>
将Google Mobile Vision API添加到build.gradle文件中。
build.gradle
implementation of 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-vision:11.8.0'
在 MainActivity.java 文件中,添加以下代码。通过点击按钮btnScanBarcode,调用ScannedBarcodeActivity.java类。
MainActivity.java
package example.javatpoint.com.qrcodebarcodescanner;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
Button btnScanBarcode;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
btnScanBarcode = findViewById(R.id.btnScanBarcode);
btnScanBarcode.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
startActivity(new Intent(MainActivity.this, ScannedBarcodeActivity.class));
}
});
}
}
在 ScannedBarcodeActivity.java Activity类中添加以下代码。这个类通过摄像头扫描二维码。在这个类中,我们将生成两个二维码,一个用于网址,另一个用于电子邮件地址。可以从任何一个二维码生成器网站生成二维码。
ScannedBarcodeActivity.java
package example.javatpoint.com.qrcodebarcodescanner;
import android.Manifest;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.SparseArray;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import android.view.SurfaceView;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import com.google.android.gms.vision.CameraSource;
import com.google.android.gms.vision.Detector;
import com.google.android.gms.vision.barcode.Barcode;
import com.google.android.gms.vision.barcode.BarcodeDetector;
import java.io.IOException;
public class ScannedBarcodeActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
SurfaceView surfaceView;
TextView txtBarcodeValue;
private BarcodeDetector barcodeDetector;
private CameraSource cameraSource;
private static final int REQUEST_CAMERA_PERMISSION = 201;
Button btnAction;
String intentData = "";
boolean isEmail = false;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_scanned_barcode);
initViews();
}
private void initViews() {
txtBarcodeValue = findViewById(R.id.txtBarcodeValue);
surfaceView = findViewById(R.id.surfaceView);
btnAction = findViewById(R.id.btnAction);
btnAction.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
if (intentData.length() > 0) {
if (isEmail)
startActivity(new Intent(ScannedBarcodeActivity.this, EmailActivity.class).putExtra("email_address", intentData));
else {
startActivity(new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, Uri.parse(intentData)));
}
}
}
});
}
private void initialiseDetectorsAndSources() {
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Barcode scanner started", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
barcodeDetector = new BarcodeDetector.Builder(this)
.setBarcodeFormats(Barcode.ALL_FORMATS)
.build();
cameraSource = new CameraSource.Builder(this, barcodeDetector)
.setRequestedPreviewSize(1920, 1080)
.setAutoFocusEnabled(true) //you should add this feature
.build();
surfaceView.getHolder().addCallback(new SurfaceHolder.Callback() {
@Override
public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
try {
if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(ScannedBarcodeActivity.this, Manifest.permission.CAMERA) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
cameraSource.start(surfaceView.getHolder());
} else {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(ScannedBarcodeActivity.this, new
String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA}, REQUEST_CAMERA_PERMISSION);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) {
}
@Override
public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
cameraSource.stop();
}
});
barcodeDetector.setProcessor(new Detector.Processor<Barcode>() {
@Override
public void release() {
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "To prevent memory leaks barcode scanner has been stopped", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
@Override
public void receiveDetections(Detector.Detections<Barcode> detections) {
final SparseArray<Barcode> barcodes = detections.getDetectedItems();
if (barcodes.size() != 0) {
txtBarcodeValue.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
if (barcodes.valueAt(0).email != null) {
txtBarcodeValue.removeCallbacks(null);
intentData = barcodes.valueAt(0).email.address;
txtBarcodeValue.setText(intentData);
isEmail = true;
btnAction.setText("ADD CONTENT TO THE MAIL");
} else {
isEmail = false;
btnAction.setText("LAUNCH URL");
intentData = barcodes.valueAt(0).displayValue;
txtBarcodeValue.setText(intentData);
}
}
});
}
}
});
}
@Override
protected void onPause() {
super.onPause();
cameraSource.release();
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
initialiseDetectorsAndSources();
}
}
在 EmailActivity.java 类中,添加以下代码。该类执行将电子邮件发送到QR码中提及的地址的任务。
EmailActivity.java
package example.javatpoint.com.qrcodebarcodescanner;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class EmailActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
EditText inSubject, inBody;
TextView txtEmailAddress;
Button btnSendEmail;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_email);
initViews();
}
private void initViews() {
inSubject = findViewById(R.id.inSubject);
inBody = findViewById(R.id.inBody);
txtEmailAddress = findViewById(R.id.txtEmailAddress);
btnSendEmail = findViewById(R.id.btnSendEmail);
if (getIntent().getStringExtra("email_address") != null) {
txtEmailAddress.setText("Recipient : " + getIntent().getStringExtra("email_address"));
}
btnSendEmail.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
intent.setType("text/plain");
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, new String[]{txtEmailAddress.getText().toString()});
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, inSubject.getText().toString().trim());
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, inBody.getText().toString().trim());
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, "Send Email"));
}
});
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.btnScanBarcode:
startActivity(new Intent(EmailActivity.this, ScannedBarcodeActivity.class));
break;
}
}
}
在 AndroidMenifest.xml 文件中添加以下代码。
AndroidMenifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="example.javatpoint.com.qrcodebarcodescanner">
<uses-feature
android:name="android.hardware.camera"
android:required="true" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera.autofocus" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
<activity android:name=".MainActivity">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity android:name=".ScannedBarcodeActivity" />
<activity
android:name=".EmailActivity"
android:windowSoftInputMode="adjustPan" />
</application>
</manifest>
输出: