Tkinter Canvas 实现反弹球设计游戏

Tkinter Canvas 实现反弹球设计游戏

在实际的游戏中，若是球碰触画布底端应该让游戏结束，此时首先在第16行Ball类的__init__()函数中设置notTouchBottom为True，为了让玩家可以缓冲，此时也设置球局开始时球是往上移动（第15行），如下所示。

        self.y = -step                            # 垂直移动单位
        self.notTouchBottom = True  

修改主程序的循环如下。

while ball.notTouchBottom:
    try:
        ball.ballMove()
    except:
        print("Click the Close button to terminate program execution")
        break
    racket.racketMove()
    tk.update()
    time.sleep(speed)   # 可以控制移动速度

示例1

完整的反弹球设计。

from tkinter import * 
from tkinter import messagebox 
from random import * 

import time 
cntL = 1
cntR = 1
class Ball:#class Ball(): # 这样写是一样的
    def __init__(self,canvas,color,winW,winH,racket):
        self.canvas = canvas
        self.racket = racket
        self.id = canvas.create_oval(0, 0, 20, 20, fill=color) # 建立球对象
        self.canvas.move(self.id,winW/2,winH/2)   # 设置球最初位置
        startPos = [-4, -3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4]   # 球最初x轴位移的随机数
        shuffle(startPos)                         # 打乱排序
        self.x = startPos[0]                      # 球最初水平移动单位
        self.y = -step                            # 垂直移动单位
        self.notTouchBottom = True                       
    def hitRacket(self,ballPos):
        racketPos = self.canvas.coords(self.racket.id)
        if ballPos[2] >= racketPos[0] and ballPos[0] <= racketPos[2]:
            if ballPos[3] >= racketPos[1] and ballPos[3] <= racketPos[3]:
                return True
        return False
    def ballMove(self):
        self.canvas.move(self.id, self.x, self.y)        # step是正值表示往下移动
        ballPos = self.canvas.coords(self.id)
        if ballPos[0] <= 0:          # 侦测球是否超过画布左方
            self.x = step       
        if ballPos[1] <= 0:          # 侦测球是否超过画布上方
            self.y = step
        if ballPos[2] >= winW:       # 侦测球是否超过画布右方
            self.x = -step           
        if ballPos[3] >= winH:       # 侦测球是否超过画布下方
            self.y = -step
        if self.hitRacket(ballPos):  # 侦测是否撞到球拍
            self.y = -step
        if ballPos[3] >= winH:       # 侦测球是否超过画布下方
            self.notTouchBottom = False

class Racket():
    def __init__(self, canvas, color):
        self.canvas = canvas
        self.id = canvas.create_rectangle(0,0,100,15,fill=color)  # 球拍对象
        self.canvas.move(self.id, 270, 400)
        self.x = 0
        self.canvas.bind_all('<KeyPress-Right>',self.moveRight)   # 绑定按住右键 ##########################
        self.canvas.bind_all('<KeyPress-Left>',self.moveLeft)     # 绑定按住左键
    def racketMove(self):
        self.canvas.move(self.id,self.x,0)
        racketPos = self.canvas.coords(self.id)
        # self.x = 0
        if racketPos[0] <= 0:
            self.x = 0
        elif racketPos[2] >= winW:
            self.x = 0
    def moveLeft(self,event):
        global cntL
        print("Press the left button",cntL)
        cntL += 1
        self.x = -3
    def moveRight(self,event):
        global cntR
        print("Press the right button",cntR)
        cntR += 1
        self.x = 3

winW = 640      # 定义画布宽度
winH = 480      # 定义画布高度
step = 3        # 定义速度可想成位移步长
speed = 0.01    # 设置移动速度

tk = Tk()
tk.title("   Pinball game   ----  " + time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime()))                    # 游戏窗口标题
tk.wm_attributes('-topmost',1)               # 确保游戏窗口在屏幕最上层
canvas = Canvas(tk,width=winW, height=winH,bg='black')  # 建立画布
canvas.pack()
tk.update()   

# 以下两行代码执行顺序决定了两者重合时哪一个对象被遮挡
racket = Racket(canvas,'purple')        # 定义紫色球拍
ball = Ball(canvas,'yellow',winW,winH,racket)  # 定义球对象

while ball.notTouchBottom:
    try:
        ball.ballMove()
    except:
        print("Click the Close button to terminate program execution")
        break
    racket.racketMove()
    tk.update()
    time.sleep(speed)   # 可以控制移动速度

messagebox.showinfo("Game Over","Game Over!!!")
# tk.mainloop()

输出: