极客笔记使用HTML、CSS和JavaScript创建可悬停的侧边导航
导航栏是网页的一部分，其中包含指向网站适当部分/页面的链接，帮助用户快速和轻松地浏览网站。导航栏可以以许多方式实现，但传统的实现方式是水平和垂直栏。
在本文中，我们将使用HTML、CSS和JavaScript设计一个垂直的侧边导航栏。
创建可悬停的侧边导航
以下是使用HTML、CSS和JavaScript设计可悬停侧边导航按钮的步骤：
- 步骤1 - 添加以下 HTML 代码。
<body>
<div class="sidenav">
<a href="#" id="home" onclick="showContent('homeContent')">Home</a>
<a href="#" id="codingground" onclick="showContent('codingGroundContent')">Coding Ground</a>
<a href="#" id="jobs" onclick="showContent('jobsContent')">Jobs</a>
<a href="#" id="library" onclick="showContent('libraryContent')">Library</a>
<a href="#" id="articles" onclick="showContent('articlesContent')">Articles</a>
<a href="#" id="corporatetraining" onclick="showContent('corporateTrainingContent')">Corporate Training</a>
</div>
<div id="homeContent" style="display: none;">
<h2>Home Content</h2>
<p>This is the content for the Home page.</p>
</div>
<div id="codingGroundContent" style="display: none;">
<h2>Coding Ground Content</h2>
<p>This is the content for the Coding Ground page.</p>
</div>
<div id="jobsContent" style="display: none;">
<h2>Jobs Content</h2>
<p>This is the content for the Jobs page.</p>
</div>
<div id="libraryContent" style="display: none;">
<h2>Library Content</h2>
<p>This is the content for the Library page.</p>
</div>
<div id="articlesContent" style="display: none;">
<h2>Articles Content</h2>
<p>This is the content for the Articles page.</p>
</div>
<div id="corporateTrainingContent" style="display: none;">
<h2>Corporate Training Content</h2>
<p>This is the content for the Corporate Training page.</p>
</div>
</body>
- 第2步 - 添加以下CSS代码。
对于悬停效果，我们使用了CSS :hover选择器。 当我们将鼠标悬停在一个元素上时，:hover选择器会选中它。
<style>
.sidenav a {
position: absolute;
left: -80px;
transition: 0.1s;
padding: 14px;
width: 100px;
text-decoration: none;
font-size: 20px;
color: white;
border-radius: 0px 25px 25px 0px;
}
.sidenav a:hover {
left: 0;
}
#home {
top: 20px;
background-color: #003300;
}
#codingground {
top: 80px;
background-color: #004a00;
}
#jobs {
top: 165px;
background-color: #006100;
}
#library {
top: 225px;
background-color: #007800;
}
#articles {
top: 285px;
background-color: #008f00;
}
#corporatetraining {
top: 345px;
background-color: #00ad00;
}
#homeContent, #codingGroundContent, #jobsContent, #libraryContent, #articlesContent, #corporateTrainingContent{
margin: auto;
display: flex;
width: 60%;
text-align: center;
display: none;
}
</style>
- 第三步 - 包含以下 脚本 。
<script>
function showContent(contentId) {
var content = document.getElementById(contentId);
content.style.display = "block";
}
</script>
完整示例
现在，让我们将以上所有的HTML、CSS和JavaScript代码块组合起来-
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Hoverable Side Navigation with HTML, CSS and JavaScript</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css">
<style>
.sidenav a {
position: absolute;
left: -80px;
transition: 0.1s;
padding: 14px;
width: 100px;
text-decoration: none;
font-size: 20px;
color: white;
border-radius: 0px 25px 25px 0px;
}
.sidenav a:hover {
left: 0;
}
#home {
top: 20px;
background-color: #003300;
}
#codingground {
top: 80px;
background-color: #004a00;
}
#jobs {
top: 165px;
background-color: #006100;
}
#library {
top: 225px;
background-color: #007800;
}
#articles {
top: 285px;
background-color: #008f00;
}
#corporatetraining {
top: 345px;
background-color: #00ad00;
}
#homeContent,
#codingGroundContent,
#jobsContent,
#libraryContent,
#articlesContent,
#corporateTrainingContent {
margin: auto;
display: flex;
width: 60%;
text-align: center;
display: none;
}
</style>
<script>
function showContent(contentId) {
var content = document.getElementById(contentId);
content.style.display = "block";
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="sidenav">
<a href="#" id="home" onclick="showContent('homeContent')">Home</a>
<a href="#" id="codingground" onclick="showContent('codingGroundContent')">Coding Ground</a>
<a href="#" id="jobs" onclick="showContent('jobsContent')">Jobs</a>
<a href="#" id="library" onclick="showContent('libraryContent')">Library</a>
<a href="#" id="articles" onclick="showContent('articlesContent')">Articles</a>
<a href="#" id="corporatetraining" onclick="showContent('corporateTrainingContent')">Corporate Training</a>
</div>
<div id="homeContent">
<h2>Home Content</h2>
<p>This is the content for the Home page.</p>
</div>
<div id="codingGroundContent">
<h2>Coding Ground Content</h2>
<p>This is the content for the Coding Ground page.</p>
</div>
<div id="jobsContent">
<h2>Jobs Content</h2>
<p>This is the content for the Jobs page.</p>
</div>
<div id="libraryContent">
<h2>Library Content</h2>
<p>This is the content for the Library page.</p>
</div>
<div id="articlesContent">
<h2>Articles Content</h2>
<p>This is the content for the Articles page.</p>
</div>
<div id="corporateTrainingContent">
<h2>Corporate Training Content</h2>
<p>This is the content for the Corporate Training page.</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
执行以上程序后，我们可以看到屏幕左上角有六个按钮。如果我们将鼠标悬停在任何按钮上，它会显示过渡效果。如果我们试图点击它，它会在屏幕上显示相关内容。